With the advent of deinstitutionalization in the 1960s, people with serious mental illness (SMI) have become increasingly at risk of becoming homeless, living in poor quality housing, and languishing in the community (Rochefort, 1993). Since this time, a variety of housing approaches for this population have been developed, implemented, and evaluated. In the past 10 years alone (since 1999), there have been at least 13 reviews of this research literature (see Leff et al., 2009; Nelson, Aubry, & Lafrance, 2007; Nelson & Saegert, in press). The purpose of this chapter is to describe approaches to housing for people with SMI and to review research related to those approaches. The chapter is divided into three main sections: a. housing without rehabilitation b. housing with rehabilitation, which includes an identification of best practices in housing for people with SMI, and c. change strategies for shifting to best practices in housing people with SMI