Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is the term widely used to describe a range of conditions and harms emerging from prenatal exposure to alcohol. FASD is an invisible and lifelong disability, giving rise to substantial physiological,  cognitive, behavioural and social difficulties. At the same time, the effects of FASD vary considerably amongst those living with the disorder.

Currently, we do not have conclusive evidence regarding the likelihood that people who have FASD will have problematic substance use issues. However, the literature does suggest that a disproportionate number of people with FASD will have substance use problems (Streissguth, Barr, Kogan, & Bookstein 1996). There is also a high likelihood that women with FASD, like all women, will be sexually active, and at some point may become pregnant. Given the possible reality of substance use for women with FASD, in conjunction with likely sexual activity, there is a strong risk that women with FASD may use alcohol or drugs while pregnant. Thus, from the perspective of FASD prevention, women with FASD need to be  viewed as a group warranting particular attention.

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