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Religious Participation and Substance Use Behaviors in a Canadian Sample of Homeless People
Author(s): Iris Torchalla, Kathy Li, Verena Strehlau, Isabelle Aube Linden, Michael Krausz
Publication Date: 2014
This study examined religious behaviors in 380 homeless individuals. We hypothesized that higher frequency of religious attendance is associated with lower rates of use of all substances, lower rates of drug and alcohol dependence, and lower psychological distress. Individuals attending religious ceremonies at least weekly ("frequent attendees") were compared to infrequent attendees. Participants also provided qualitative information about their...
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorder Comorbidity in Homeless Adults: Prevalence, Correlates, and Sex Differences
Author(s): Iris Torchalla;, Verena Strehlau, Kathy Li, Isabelle Aube Linden, François Noël, Michael Krausz
Publication Date: 2014
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are highly prevalent in homeless populations, and rates are typically greater among males. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common co-occurring condition among individuals with SUDs; however, little attention has been directed to examining this comorbidity in homeless populations. Although some studies indicate considerable sex differences among individuals with PTSD, it has also been suggested that sex dif...
“Like a lots happened with my whole childhood”: violence, trauma, and addiction in pregnant and postpartum women from Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside
Author(s): Iris Torchalla, Isabelle Aube Linden, Verena Strehlau, Erika K. Neilson, Michael Krausz
Publication Date: 2015
Background Women living in poor and vulnerable neighbourhoods like Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside (DTES) face multiple burdens related to the social determinants of health. Many of them struggle with addiction, are involved in the sex trade and experience homelessness and gender-based violence. Such evidence suggests that psychological trauma is also a common experience for these women. Methods The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore...
The Burnaby treatment center for mental health and addiction, a novel integrated treatment program for patients with addiction and concurrent disorders: results from a program evaluation
Author(s): Christian Schütz, Isabelle Aube Linden, Iris Torchalla, Kathy Li, Majid Al-Desouki, Michael Krausz
Publication Date: 2013
Patients with addictions and concurrent disorders constitute the most underserved population in the system of care. There are numerous reasons why this population has so much difficulty accessing services, including behavioural issues, criminal engagement, and non-compliance with outpatient services. To improve services to this population which is marked by multiple morbidities, high mortality and insufficient access to health care, the governmen...
Research on a Vulnerable Neighborhood—The Vancouver Downtown Eastside from 2001 to 2011
Author(s): Isabelle Aube Linden, Marissa Y. Mar, Gregory R. Werker, Kerry Jang, Michael Krausz
Publication Date: 2012
The Downtown Eastside (DTES) of Vancouver is the subject of considerable research due to high rates of drug use, poverty, crime, infectious disease, and mental illness. This paper first presents a brief background to the DTES and then presents a survey of literature addressing the issues in this area from 2001 to 2011. The literature surveyed includes a range of publications such as those from peer-reviewed journals and the grey literature of rep...