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Effectiveness of Housing First for Homeless Adults with Mental Illness Who Frequently Use Emergency Departments in a Multisite Randomized Controlled Trial
Author(s): Nick Kerman, Tim Aubry, Carol E. Adair, Jino Distasio, Eric Latimer, Julian Somers, Vicky Stergiopoulos
Publication Date: 2020
Frequent emergency department (ED) users experiencing homelessness are associated with high costs for healthcare systems yet interventions for this group have been minimally investigated. This study used 24-month data from a multisite randomized controlled trial of Housing First (HF) to examine how effective the intervention is in helping frequent ED users with a mental illness to achieve housing stability, improve behavioural health and function...
Outcome Trajectories among Homeless Individuals with Mental Disorders in a Multisite Randomised Controlled Trial of Housing First
Author(s): Carol E. Adair, David L. Streiner, Ryan Barnhart, Brianna Kopp, Scott Veldhuizen, Michelle Patterson, Tim Aubry, Jennifer Lavoie, Jitender Sareen, Stefanie Renee LeBlanc, Paula Goering
Publication Date: 2017
Purpose Housing First (HF) has been shown to improve housing stability, on average, for formerly homeless adults with mental illness. However, little is known about patterns of change and characteristics that predict different outcome trajectories over time. This article reports on latent trajectories of housing stability among 2140 participants (84% followed 24 months) of a multisite randomised controlled trial of HF. Methods Data were analyzed...
Changes in quality of life from a homelessness intervention: true change, response shift, or random variation
Author(s): Guido Antonio Powell, Carol E. Adair, David L. Streiner, Nancy Mayo, Eric Latimer
Publication Date: 2017
Background and objective Participants experiencing homelessness and mental illness who received housing and support through the At Home/Chez Soi trial showed modest gains in quality of life (QOL) compared to treatment as usual participants. Participants’ QOL ratings over time may have been affected by either response shift triggered by new life circumstances or by random variation in the meaning of QOL ratings. This study seeks to identify both...
"Housing First" for Homeless Youth with Mental Illness
Author(s): Nicole Kozloff, Carol E. Adair, Luis I. Palma Lazgare, Daniel Poremski, Amy H. Cheung, Rebeca Sandu, Vicky Stergiopoulos
Publication Date: 2016
Background and Objectives: "Housing First" has been shown to improve housing stability in homeless individuals with mental illness, but had not been empirically tested in homeless youth. We aimed to evaluate the effect of "Housing First" on housing stability in homeless youth aged 18 to 24 years participating in At Home/Chez Soi, a 24-month randomized trial of "Housing First" in 5 Canadian cities. Methods: Homeless individuals with mental illness...
The Unique Needs of Homeless Youths With Mental Illness: Baseline Findings From a Housing First Trial
Author(s): Nicole Kozloff, Vicky Stergiopoulos, Carol E. Adair, Amy H. Cheung, Vachan Misir, Greg Townley, Jimmy Bourque, Michael Krausz, Paula Goering
Publication Date: 2016
Objective: Although youth homelessness presents a significant public health problem, the needs of homeless youths with mental illness, as distinct from adults, are not well understood. This study examined the unique demographic, clinical, and service use characteristics of homeless youths. Methods: At Home/Chez Soi was a large randomized controlled trial of the Housing First model in five cities in Canada. Of 2,255 participants, 7% (N=164) were y...
Tenants with additional needs: When Housing First does not solve homelessness
Author(s): Jennifer S. Volk, Tim Aubry, Paula Goering, Carol E. Adair, Jino Distasio, Jonathan Jetté, Danielle Nolin, Vicky Stergiopoulos, David L. Streiner, Sam Tsemberis
Publication Date: 2015
Background At Home/Chez-Soi was a 24 month randomized controlled trial of Housing First (HF) conducted in five Canadian cities. Aims This article attempts to identify the characteristics of participants who experienced housing instability one year after entering HF. Methods: Those defined as experiencing housing instability were housed <50% of the last 9 months of the first year, excluding time in institutions, unless they were housed 100% of...
Further Validation of the Pathways Housing First Fidelity Scale
Author(s): Paula Goering, Scott Veldhuizen, Geoffrey B. Nelson, Ana Stefancic, Sam Tsemberis, Carol E. Adair, Jino Distasio, Tim Aubry, Vicky Stergiopoulos, David L. Streiner
Publication Date: 2016
Objective This study examined whether Housing First fidelity ratings correspond to program operation descriptions from administrative data and predict client outcomes. Methods A multisite, randomized controlled trial (At Home/Chez Soi) in five Canadian cities included two assessments of 12 programs over two years. Outcomes for 1,158 clients were measured every six months. Associations between fidelity ratings and administrative data (Spearm...
One-Year Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Housing First With ACT in Five Canadian Cities
Author(s): Tim Aubry, Sam Tsemberis, Carol E. Adair, Scott Veldhuizen, David Streiner, Eric Latimer, Jitender Sareen, Michelle Patterson, Kathleen McGarvey, Brianna Kopp, Catharine Hume
Publication Date: 2015
Objective: Housing First is a groundbreaking approach to ending chronic homelessness among people with mental illness. This article presents one-year findings from a multisite randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing Housing First with treatment as usual. Methods: The study was a nonblind, parallel-group RCT conducted in five Canadian cities. A sample of 950 high-need participants with severe mental illness, who were either absolutely hom...
A Housing and Homelessness Research Strategy for Alberta: Supporting A Plan for Alberta: Ending Homelessness in 10 Years
Author(s): Roxanne Felix-Mah, Carol E. Adair, Susan Abells, Tara Hanson
Organization: Alberta Centre for Child, Family & Community Research
Publication Date: 2014
This Housing and Homelessness Research Strategy for Alberta is presented to all those interested in advancing our knowledge and understanding of housing and homelessness in Alberta. The purpose is to bring together researchers, practitioners, policy makers and decision makers from across sectors in common purpose to meet the goals of A Plan for Alberta: Ending Homelessness in 10 Years, by 2019, which outlines a comprehensive, coordinated and sust...
Patterns and predictors of attrition in a trial of a housing intervention for homeless people with mental illness
Author(s): Scott Veldhuizen, Carol E. Adair, Christian Methot, Brianna C. Kopp, Patricia O’Campo, Jimmy Bourque, David L. Streiner, Paula N. Goering
Publication Date: 2014
Purpose Participant retention is an important challenge in longitudinal research on homeless people. High attrition can threaten validity, and may represent lost opportunities to deliver interventions. In this article, we report on attrition in the At Home/Chez Soi study, a multi-site randomized controlled trial of a housing intervention for homeless people with mental illness. Methods We first calculate life tables, and then use clustered logis...
Cognitive Interviewing Methods for Questionnaire Pre-Testing in Homeless Persons with Mental Disorders
Author(s): Carol E. Adair, Anna C. Holland, Michelle L. Patterson, Kate S. Mason, Paula N. Goering, Stephen W. Hwang, At Home/Chez Soi Project Team
Publication Date: 2011
In this study, cognitive interviewing methods were used to test targeted questionnaire items from a battery of quantitative instruments selected for a large multisite trial of supported housing interventions for homeless individuals with mental disorders. Most of the instruments had no published psychometrics in this population. Participants were 30 homeless adults with mental disorders (including substance use disorders) recruited from service a...