Canadian Observatory on Homelessness
The Canadian Observatory on Homelessness is the largest national research institute devoted to homelessness in Canada. The COH is the curator of the Homeless Hub.
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The Canadian Observatory on Homelessness is the largest national research institute devoted to homelessness in Canada. The COH is the curator of the Homeless Hub.
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Author(s): Alexandra Flynn, Joe Hermer, Caroline Leblanc, Sue-Ann MacDonald, Kaitlin Schwan, Estair van Wagner
Organization: Office of the Federal Housing Advocate
Publication Date: 2022
Homeless encampments constitute one of the most serious right-to-housing issues in Canada today. Mobilizing case studies, media scans, and literature and policy reviews, this report illuminates the inherent tensions of the human rights dimensions of encampments across Canada. Chapter 1 provides a background on the regulation of encampments before and after the pandemic. Chapter 2 focuses on the specific role of municipal bylaws in encampments. Su...
Author(s): Kaitlin Schwan, Palmira Lutoto, Sam Freeman, Estair van Wager, Alex Flynn, Delaney McCartan, Lauren Graham
Organization: Office of the Federal Housing Advocate
Publication Date: 2022
The City of Toronto has been in a housing and homelessness crisis for years, which has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the midst of these intersecting crises, there was a significant increase in encampments across the City of Toronto in 2020. This case study explores the increase of encampments in Toronto between summer 2020 and summer 2021, the City’s responses to encampments, the role of civil society in addressing this crisis, an...
Author(s): Kaitlin Schwan, Mary-Elizabeth Vaccaro, Luke Reid, Nadia Ali
Organization: Women's National Housing and Homelessness Network
Publication Date: 2021
The purpose of this report is to inform the Federal Housing Advocate on key housing challenges and housing rights violations experienced by women, girls, and gender diverse people in Canada.

Author(s): Kaitlin Schwan, Nadia Ali
Organization: Women's National Housing and Homelessness Network
Publication Date: 2021
The National Housing Strategy Act (NHSA) establishes housing as a human right in domestic legislation, and requires that the National Housing Strategy (NHS) adopt a rights-based approach. However, there are significant gaps between NHS programs and the NHSA when it comes to protecting the rights of women and gender diverse people. This report employs a rights-based, GBA+ analysis to explore how the NHS can progressively realize the right to housi...

Author(s): Kaitlin Schwan, Mary Elizabeth Vaccaro, Luke Reid, Nadia Ali, Khulud Baig
Organization: Women's National Housing and Homelessness Network, Canadian Alliance to End Homelessness, Canadian Observatory on Homelessness, Keepers of the Circle, Canadian Research Institute for the Advancement of Women
Publisher: Canadian Observatory on Homelessness Press
Publication Date: 2021
This survey is the largest national gender-specific survey on housing need and homelessness in Canada to date. Completed by 500 women and gender diverse people, this survey provides insight into the unique causes, conditions, and consequences of housing precarity and homelessness for women, girls and gender diverse people. The report highlights 10 key challenges that illustrate why and how homelessness is gendered, offering 21 recommendations for...

Author(s): Manisha Rampersad, Aoife Mallon, Madelyn Gold, Alison Armstrong, Jeanette Blair, Mary Vaccaro, Kaitlin Schwan, Kate Allan, Emily Paradis
Publication Date: 2021
All women (cis and trans) and gender diverse people have a human right to safe and dignified homes in Canada. Women and gender-diverse people who are multiply marginalized face unique barriers to accessing emergency shelter, housing and housing support.
Low-barrier, gender-focused drop-in programs play an important role in meeting the basic needs of this population, and provide accessible and meaningful forms of support, social connection and co...

Author(s): Kaitlin Schwan, David French, Stephen Gaetz, Ashley Ward, Jennifer Akerman, Melanie Redman
Organization: Wales Center for Public Policy
Publication Date: 2018
Over the summer of 2018, the Canadian Observatory on Homelessness and A Way Home Canada conducted an international scan of policies and practices that are contributing to youth homelessness prevention. The Wales Centre for Public Policy commissioned this report for Public Policy, under the direction of the First Minister of Wales. Drawing together a extensive literature review, review of the grey literature, and consultation with international ex...